2019 BIM in UE

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In 2019, the Commission issued a report summarizing the activities of the entire European Union in the field of BIM on the example of countries that are to characterize the regions of the Union - North, West and East. The Building Sector Observatory document "Modeling of building information in an EU building building" [2] includes the main subcontracting positions by Denmark, France and Poland. Below I am quoting the most important passages:

The article discusses the implementation of BIM in the EU, analyzing the points, opportunities and challenges of its implementation, as well as discussing decisions for EU decision makers and other questions about how to use and promote BIM in the industry. The aim of this article will not cover all EU-28 countries, but rather a representative sample of the above-mentioned groups: Denmark will therefore represent the countries of Northern Europe, France - the countries of Western Europe, and Poland - the countries of Eastern Europe.

Cited Document

The construction sector is a key driver of the economy, facing challenges including competitiveness, underload, resource efficiency and, in particular, criticality. In fact, over the past two decades, labor productivity has increased by about a quarter. industrial processing (1.0% vs 3.6%, respectively), which makes the construction sector the worst in terms of productivity56. This can be remedied by the construction sector's difficulties in implementing which can help in productivity as well as profitability.

Digitization of the construction sector is increasingly used as a potential game changer for the sector that can make a significant contribution to the development and strategy of the EU20208.For example, it is estimated that full digitization in non-residential construction would yield annual savings of 0.6 billion EUR to 1.0 billion (13% to 21%) in the design and construction phases and EUR 0.3 billion to EUR 0.4 billion (10% to 17%) in the operating.

Denmark has introduced BIM to its public laws since 2007. Thanks to over ten years of experience, European Denmark from European countries we implement BIM. In 2016, 78% of Danish design companies were BIM aware. and used it to create 3D visualizations, perform performance analysis on BIM and collisions. More than 30% of the medieval message for the Building Management facility, which shows that the implementation of BIM also applies to the operation phase and design payment (not only the design phase). While the right side was the driving word for the BIM industry, the Danish construction industry has increasingly driven its development 34. In fact, more than 65% of companies that use BIM expect it to be used in all their projects within five years. In fact, more than 65% of companies that use BIM expect it to be used on all their projects within five years 3,536 This is due to several perceived benefits: 84% of companies scoring that BIM has value on the construction site; 79% that BIM is about collaboration and collaboration between parties; 31% that BIM is essential to the creativity of the environment. In France, BIM implementation has expanded significantly with the introduction of Digital Transformation in Construction (PTNB) in 2015 - a strategic plan to accelerate BIM transport. The BIM crash reached 38% in France in 2017, while the passing of BIM by construction and real estate companies from 22% to 35% in 2016-2017. In addition, 26% of construction project projects impose BIM on construction projects, although only 12% actually require construction projects37. In practice, it resulted in doing this 500,000. BIM homes in 2017 France is the only country where the AG rate by engineers (44%) is lower than architects (40%) 39. This is partly explained by the structure of the French construction market, where the architecture segment shopped from small and medium-sized enterprises when the engineering segment is characterized by large companies. They have opportunities and try to take advantage of business development opportunities through the implementation of BIM (Davies et al., 2015). Poland is at the early stage of BIM. Recently, the Polish government has introduced policies and instruments supporting the implementation of BIM in the construction industry. BIM validation is low and only 12% of construction companies use BIM in their daily work. They do at work in works, layoffs with visualization, 3D models, and to a lesser extent with clash detection and the use of schedules or optimization40. public law41 and the high cost of initial BIM implementation. However, the implementation of BIM on the market has great potential, because the Polish construction market is driven by new construction (and not renovation works) Other sectoral factors, such as labor shortage, as well as external factors such as rising material prices and external competition, may prompt the Polish construction industry to implement BIM. Overall, the Danish construction industry shows the highest BIM adoption rate, after early government commitment and support. Enterprises are currently driving BIM implementation, which now covers all stages of the value chains, including operations and maintenance (although BIM implementation rates remain significantly lower than in design and engineering). The French case seems to indicate that the market structure of the construction sector also shapes and influences the implementation of BIM. It seems that large companies are the key factors responsible for the high rate of BIM implementation in engineering companies.

The Danish government has taken a leading role in developing BIM standards with a view to influencing also international (including EU) BIM standards. This initiative was called the Cuneco Initiative. Therefore, the Cuneco team develops, tests and implements common BIM standards (for the Danish construction industry) for improved data exchange throughout the construction value chain. In France, the government has also played a key role in the BIM standardization process, with the Standardization Roadmap (2017) published as part of the Plan. This roadmap aims to i) exchange experiences and lessons learned to promote awareness and use of BIM; ii) develop training and tools tailored to SMEs; and (iii) improve information exchange processes and create a framework to facilitate reliable data exchange throughout the life cycle of the constructed property. pour les INfrastructues Durables project ”(MINND) -Modeling of Interoperable INformation for Sustainable INfrastructures. The latter aims to develop a global model based on the use of BIM tools and processes, including geometric data, in a complete information system. The Polish government is less active in the field of BIM standardization as it has only recently become involved in the implementation of BIM, however the Polish government is part of the EU BIM TaskGroup (as are Denmark and France). The latter aims to combine national efforts into a common and unified European approach to developing a world-class digital construction sector. To achieve this, it focuses on four pillars: enhancing industry capacities and capabilities, building a common framework for cooperation and the foundations for public leadership, and communicating the vision and supporting the community56. A concrete example of such collaboration is the recently published handbook on BIM roll-out by the European public sector. The latter provides recommendations on how the public sector can support BIM implementation. Governments play a key role in standardizing BIM, both nationally and internationally. By influencing BIM standards at the European and / or international level, governments have the opportunity to ensure that BIM standards are in line with the interests and ambitions of their industry. This, in turn, may arouse greater interest in the domestic construction industry in engaging in BIM.

Government policies and initiatives to support BIM implementation are comprehensive and include procurement, education and development, and standardization. Thus, governments combine a top-down and bottom-up approach: on the one hand, they have adopted public procurement changes / regulations requiring BIM for public infrastructure projects. On the other hand, they ensured downstream investments to foster R&D around BIM that supports companies' efforts to implement them. Thus, governments have managed to strike a balance between additional requirements and incentives for the industry.

Successful BIM implementation requires the collaboration of governments and industry. For example, the Danish government worked early with the industry to develop BIM requirements in public procurement law; the French government is proving to be responding to the concerns and needs of the private sector, which have been incorporated into the PTNB. This contrasts with Poland, where industry-public sector exchange appears to be limited, going beyond general BIM workshops and seminars.

In this process, academia can play a key supporting role for both private and public sector entities. Case studies have shown how important it is for universities to develop BIM-related curricula. It is a response to the needs of the industry in the field of hiring BIM specialists; and can in turn help you better understand and adapt the processes and methods for implementing BIM. The academic community was also involved in Denmark when the government began to consider including BIM in public procurement. This clearly shows the important role that academia can play in the BIM ecosystem.

Public sector interventions to support BIM implementation are more effective when they are adapted and / or coordinated with private sector initiatives. This coordination process becomes even more important as the maturity of BIM in the industry increases. Indeed, if public sector support and even leadership are deemed critical in the early stages of BIM implementation, industry leadership is required to scale up the use of BIM in the construction industry. Meeting this condition requires commitment and generation of sufficient support from private sector actors at an early stage. In this way, synergies between public and private sector initiatives can be exploited, thus maximizing the effectiveness of the relevant interventions. Fostering collaboration is best achieved when the interests of the public and private sectors converge.

Public sector support may take various forms, including public procurement law; Education and R&D or support for private sector platforms, etc. However, some areas remain unexploited to this day: building private sector demand for BIM is limited - while it accounts for approximately 70 to 80% of the construction market in Europe. Likewise, public financial institutions such as the European Investment Bank or the National Development Banks could also gradually integrate BIM requirements into their public procurement policies.

While BIM can help address several problems, such as waste, labor shortages, or lack of productivity, it is important for policymakers and the private sector to address some of the specific issues they affect, thus creating a specific narrative about BIM implementation. Some opportunities for further BIM implementation arise with increasing problems such as labor shortages in the construction industry or rising commodity prices in some EU Member States, or the emergence of new concepts such as Smart Cities. The latter could be a suitable entry point for BIM implementation, as BIM not only allows new buildings to be constructed, but also allows you to look at and consider how buildings and infrastructure (transport, utilities, etc.) are connected. Indeed, 3D modeling and BIM are a boon for smart cities, and the 3D software enables builders to even model infrastructure for underground construction. Therefore, policymakers can leverage cities, eg by requiring developers to use BIM in urban infrastructure projects to support BIM implementation and thus contribute to the development of sustainable and smart cities.

Sources:

[1] Pixabay.com

[2] Building Information Modeling in the EU Construction Sector - European Commission Ref. Ares (2019) 1807 182-19 / 03/2019 Trend Paper Series - March 2019 Observatory of the European Construction Sector - Ref. Ares (2019) 1807182 - 19/03/2019